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Saving Capitalism
Cover of Saving Capitalism
Saving Capitalism
For the Many, Not the Few
Borrow Borrow
From the author of Aftershock and The Work of Nations, his most important book to date—a myth-shattering breakdown of how the economic system that helped make America so strong is now failing us, and what it will take to fix it.
Perhaps no one is better acquainted with the intersection of economics and politics than Robert B. Reich, and now he reveals how power and influence have created a new American oligarchy, a shrinking middle class, and the greatest income inequality and wealth disparity in eighty years. He makes clear how centrally problematic our veneration of the “free market” is, and how it has masked the power of moneyed interests to tilt the market to their benefit.
Reich exposes the falsehoods that have been bolstered by the corruption of our democracy by huge corporations and the revolving door between Washington and Wall Street: that all workers are paid what they’re “worth,” that a higher minimum wage equals fewer jobs, and that corporations must serve shareholders before employees. He shows that the critical choices ahead are not about the size of government but about who government is for: that we must choose not between a free market and “big” government but between a market organized for broadly based prosperity and one designed to deliver the most gains to the top. Ever the pragmatist, ever the optimist, Reich sees hope for reversing our slide toward inequality and diminished opportunity when we shore up the countervailing power of everyone else.
Passionate yet practical, sweeping yet exactingly argued, Saving Capitalism is a revelatory indictment of our economic status quo and an empowering call to civic action.
From the author of Aftershock and The Work of Nations, his most important book to date—a myth-shattering breakdown of how the economic system that helped make America so strong is now failing us, and what it will take to fix it.
Perhaps no one is better acquainted with the intersection of economics and politics than Robert B. Reich, and now he reveals how power and influence have created a new American oligarchy, a shrinking middle class, and the greatest income inequality and wealth disparity in eighty years. He makes clear how centrally problematic our veneration of the “free market” is, and how it has masked the power of moneyed interests to tilt the market to their benefit.
Reich exposes the falsehoods that have been bolstered by the corruption of our democracy by huge corporations and the revolving door between Washington and Wall Street: that all workers are paid what they’re “worth,” that a higher minimum wage equals fewer jobs, and that corporations must serve shareholders before employees. He shows that the critical choices ahead are not about the size of government but about who government is for: that we must choose not between a free market and “big” government but between a market organized for broadly based prosperity and one designed to deliver the most gains to the top. Ever the pragmatist, ever the optimist, Reich sees hope for reversing our slide toward inequality and diminished opportunity when we shore up the countervailing power of everyone else.
Passionate yet practical, sweeping yet exactingly argued, Saving Capitalism is a revelatory indictment of our economic status quo and an empowering call to civic action.
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  • Chapter 1 chapter 1

    The Prevailing View

    It usually occurs in a small theater or a lecture hall. Someone introduces me and then introduces a person who is there to debate me. My debate opponent and I then spend five or ten minutes sparring over the chosen topic—­education, poverty, income inequality, taxes, executive pay, middle-­class wages, climate change, drug trafficking, whatever. It doesn’t matter. Because, with astounding regularity, the debate soon turns to whether the “free market” is better at doing something than government.

    I do not invite this. In fact, as I’ve already said and will soon explain, I view it as a meaningless debate. Worse, it’s a distraction from what we should be debating. Intentional or not, it deflects the public’s attention from what’s really at issue.

    Few ideas have more profoundly poisoned the minds of more people than the notion of a “free market” existing somewhere in the universe, into which government “intrudes.” In this view, whatever inequality or insecurity the market generates is assumed to be the natural and inevitable consequence of impersonal “market forces.” What you’re paid is simply a measure of what you’re worth in the market. If you aren’t paid enough to live on, so be it. If others rake in billions, they must be worth it. If millions of people are unemployed or their paychecks are shrinking or they have to work two or three jobs and have no idea what they’ll be earning next month or even next week, that’s unfortunate but it’s the outcome of “market forces.”

    According to this view, whatever we might do to reduce inequality or economic insecurity—­to make the economy work for most of us—­runs the risk of distorting the market and causing it to be less efficient, or of producing unintended consequences that may end up harming us. Although market imperfections such as pollution or unsafe workplaces, or the need for public goods such as basic research or even aid to the poor, may require the government to intervene on occasion, these instances are exceptions to the general rule that the market knows best.

    The prevailing view is so dominant that it is now almost taken for granted. It is taught in almost every course on introductory economics. It has found its way into everyday public discourse. One hears it expressed by politicians on both sides of the aisle.

    The question typically left to debate is how much intervention is warranted. Conservatives want a smaller government and less intervention; liberals want a larger and more activist government. This has become the interminable debate, the bone of contention that splits left from right in America and in much of the rest of the capitalist world. One’s response to it typically depends on which you trust most (the least): the government or the “free market.”

    But the prevailing view, as well as the debate it has spawned, is utterly false. There can be no “free market” without government. The “free market” does not exist in the wilds beyond the reach of civilization. Competition in the wild is a contest for survival in which the largest and strongest typically win. Civilization, by contrast, is defined by rules; rules create markets, and governments generate the rules. As the seventeenth-­century political philosopher Thomas Hobbes put it in his book Leviathan:

    [in nature] there is no place for industry, because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor use of the commodities that...
About the Author-
  • ROBERT B. REICH is Chancellor’s Professor of Public Policy at the Richard and Rhoda Goldman School of Public Policy at the University of California, Berkeley, and senior fellow at the Blum Center for Developing Economies. He has served in three national administrations and has written fourteen books, including The Work of Nations, which has been translated into twenty-two languages, and the best sellers Supercapitalism and Locked in the Cabinet. His articles have appeared in The New Yorker, The Atlantic, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Wall Street Journal. He is co-creator of the award-winning 2013 film Inequality for All. He is also chair of the national governing board of Common Cause. He lives in Berkeley.
    robertreich.org
Reviews-
  • Publisher's Weekly

    August 31, 2015
    Reich (The Work of Nations), a professor of public policy at UC Berkeley, has written an arresting, thought-provoking treatise on the need to reverse the trend of income inequality in the U.S. One of the book’s central points is that the hot-button debate over whether the free market is more effective than government control is irrelevant, and directed at the wrong issue. In fact, Reich asserts, the “free” market is a myth, and the problem is not how big or small the government is—it’s who the government is there to serve. His solution is an “activist government” that will tax the affluent more, invest heavily in education and opportunities, and support the needy. In readily understandable language, Reich explores private property, bankruptcy, inflated Wall Street salaries, different definitions of freedom, the “rise of the working poor,” and the decline of institutions such as unions that were once able to challenge economic elites. Reich’s powerful final argument is that Americans need to rid themselves of the idea that it’s too late to change their economy; the market is a human creation, not a fact of nature, and only humans can save it from what it’s become. Agent: Rafe Sagalyn, ICM/Sagalyn.

  • Kirkus

    August 15, 2015
    An accessible examination of how the "apparent arbitrariness and unfairness of the economy [has] undermined the public's faith in its basic tenets." Since leaving the cabinet of the Bill Clinton administration, in which he served as secretary of labor, Reich (Beyond Outrage: What Has Gone Wrong with Our Economy and Our Democracy and How to Fix It, 2012, etc.) has worked a populist vein of protest against corporate excess. In this nontechnical economic manifesto, he opens with the nostalgic vision of an American past in which ordinary people could afford to buy a home and pay for college on a single income, a time long gone precisely because the economy has been reorganized for the benefit of the wealthy at the expense of the laboring and middle classes. Reich holds that government, long despised as the problem and not the solution, actually has a role, if abrogated, "in setting the rules of the economic game." In the absence of sufficient government oversight, the rich have been setting those rules, and-no surprise-an ideally level playing field tilts in such a way that they get all the goals. The author takes a measured view even as he argues against free market orthodoxies, insisting, "rules create markets," rules set by governments and not individuals. Reich examines key problem areas such as antitrust regulation and the tightening corporate stranglehold over intellectual property, and he arrives at some innovative reforms-e.g., paying all Americans a guaranteed annual income, a thought not quite as radical as it might seem and backed by an odd-bedfellow assortment of libertarians and conservatives. He also suggests making Americans shareholders of the intellectual property market, requiring a payment of royalties into the public domain as the cost of holding a patent. Reich's overriding message is that we don't have to put up with things as they are. It's a useful and necessary one, if not likely to sway the powers that be to become more generous of their own volition.

    COPYRIGHT(2015) Kirkus Reviews, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

  • Library Journal

    May 15, 2015

    Secretary of labor under President Bill Clinton, a former economic adviser to President Barack Obama, and a New York Times best-selling author (2010's Aftershock has nearly 110,000 copies in print across formats), Reich here focuses strenuously on the free market as an idea so worshipped that we don't see how it's used to bend the world to the will of moneyed interests. The result? Huge disparities in wealth that undermine the public weal. With a ten-city tour and lots of TV appearances.

    Copyright 2015 Library Journal, LLC Used with permission.

  • Booklist

    July 1, 2015
    Globalization and technology have rendered much of the American labor force uncompetitive, a no-no in capitalism. Reich goes beyond lamenting the harsh realities of market forces to examine how we might mitigate them. The problem is not capitalism but the way the powerful have tilted politics to favor their interests above those of the majority of Americans. Reich, who has served in three administrations, brings an understanding of politics and economics to this examination of how the U.S. economy has come to its current state and the tight relationship between Wall Street and Washington. Reich looks specifically at rules governing property, contracts, monopolies, and bankruptcy to illustrate how powerful corporate and financial powers have maintained protections for their interests at the expense of the middle class. Drawing on history, politics, and economics, Reich recommends raising taxes on the wealthy to invest more heavily in public education, job training, and assistance for the poor. To restore confidence in and respect for American capitalism, Reich recommends restoring the balance of the economic interests of the majority vis-a-vis the powerful.(Reprinted with permission of Booklist, copyright 2015, American Library Association.)

  • Library Journal

    Starred review from September 1, 2015

    Commentator, political economist, and former U.S. secretary of labor Reich (Chancellor's Professor of Public Policy, Richard and Rhoda Goldman Sch. of Public Policy, Univ. of California, Berkeley; Aftershock) delves into why capitalism currently isn't serving the majority of Americans. He examines the critical underpinnings of a free market such as contracts, private property, bankruptcy, monopoly restraints, and the ability to enforce rules. Reich shows that these structures have been warped to shift the balance of power in favor of large corporations and wealthy individuals. Correspondingly, financial and other rewards, he argues, have become based more on who has the superiority to get paid rather than on merit or societal contribution. To solve such inequities, says the author, Americans must reclaim political sovereignty so that government acts in the interests of the majority to create an even playing field. History, he warns, demonstrates that unfair systems with highly concentrated wealth can't endure. VERDICT Reich has both the stature and eloquence to make a compelling case. His sharply argued critique is therefore highly recommended to all readers. An insightful complement to Thomas Piketty's best-selling work on the current state of wealth inequality, Capital in the Twenty-First Century. [See Prepub Alert, 4/27/15.]--Lawrence Maxted, Gannon Univ. Lib., Erie, PA

    Copyright 2015 Library Journal, LLC Used with permission.

  • The New York Review of Books "Ambitious... Reich makes a very good case that widening inequality largely reflects political decisions that could have gone in very different directions... Saving Capitalism is a very good guide to the state we're in."
  • Salon "One of Reich's finest works, and is required reading for anyone who has hope that a capitalist system can indeed work the many, and not just the few."
  • Chicago Tribune "Like any good teacher, Robert Reich knows that making a simple yet crucial idea stick often takes much time and many presentations of the concept... In Saving Capitalism, Reich drives home a basic fact that, if widely understood, could lift America from today's destructive political standoff."
  • EcoWatch "Audacious... Pragmatic... [Reich takes] on the very language used by the business world that perpetuates the myth that the private sector exists as magical sphere entirely unrelated to government."
  • Library Journal, starred review "Reich has both the stature and eloquence to make a compelling case... Highly recommended to all readers... Insightful."
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